Glossary
Value
The importance of a good or service – how useful it is, how much it costs, or how valuable it is to someone. Value can be different for different people and situations.
Value Added Tax - glossary for children
A tax included in the price of goods and services that is paid to the government.
Value Added Tax (VAT)
A consumption tax payable on taxable supplies of goods and services.
Value - glossary for children
The importance of a good or service – how useful it is, how much it costs, or how valuable it is to someone. Value can be different for different people and situations.
Vehicle Tax
A local direct tax paid annually by the owners of registered motor vehicles (MVs) in Bulgaria. This tax is used to finance local government activities, most often related to road infrastructure. It is regulated by the Local Taxes and Fees Act. The taxpayer is the owner of the vehicle—either an individual or a legal entity—and in cases of co-ownership, each owner pays proportionally. The tax amount is set by a municipal council ordinance. Exemptions apply to persons with over 50% reduced working capacity for one vehicle, electric vehicles, vehicles owned by municipalities and the state, certain specialized machinery, and vehicles.
Vignette Fee
A type of fee for using a country’s road network, intended to finance the maintenance and construction of road infrastructure.
Virtual Card
A payment card designed solely for online purchases; it has no magnetic strip or PIN code and cannot be used for ATM withdrawals.
Vishing (voice phishing)
A phone scam method in which fraudsters attempt to obtain personal information, usually by pretending to be employees of a financial company, government institution, or merchant.
Volatility
A measure of the intensity and frequency of price or value changes of a given asset, market, or financial instrument over a specified period of time. High volatility indicates strong and sharp fluctuations that create both opportunities for profit and risk of loss, while low volatility indicates stable and less variable prices. Volatility is one of the main indicators of market risk and is used in evaluating investment strategies, portfolio management, and financial planning.
Voluntary Health Insurance
A system in which individuals, of their own choice, can take out insurance with licensed insurance companies or make additional contributions for healthcare services beyond the mandatory health insurance. These funds are used to cover additional medical services, extended preventive check-ups, partial funding of treatment, and other healthcare services not fully covered by mandatory health insurance.
Partners
