Glossary
Unsecured Bonds
Bonds that are not backed by specific assets of the issuer, with repayment relying on the company’s overall revenues and creditworthiness. Due to the higher risk they carry for investors, they typically offer a higher yield.
Unsecured Loan
A credit product for which no direct collateral is required to secure repayment. This means that the loan is not backed by additional guarantees, such as a pledge of property or other assets.
Value
The importance of a good or service – how useful it is, how much it costs, or how valuable it is to someone. Value can be different for different people and situations.
Value Added Tax - glossary for children
A tax included in the price of goods and services that is paid to the government.
Value Added Tax (VAT)
A consumption tax payable on taxable supplies of goods and services.
Value - glossary for children
The importance of a good or service – how useful it is, how much it costs, or how valuable it is to someone. Value can be different for different people and situations.
Vehicle Tax
A local direct tax paid annually by the owners of registered motor vehicles (MVs) in Bulgaria. This tax is used to finance local government activities, most often related to road infrastructure. It is regulated by the Local Taxes and Fees Act. The taxpayer is the owner of the vehicle—either an individual or a legal entity—and in cases of co-ownership, each owner pays proportionally. The tax amount is set by a municipal council ordinance. Exemptions apply to persons with over 50% reduced working capacity for one vehicle, electric vehicles, vehicles owned by municipalities and the state, certain specialized machinery, and vehicles.
Vignette Fee
A type of fee for using a country’s road network, intended to finance the maintenance and construction of road infrastructure.
Virtual Card
A payment card designed solely for online purchases; it has no magnetic strip or PIN code and cannot be used for ATM withdrawals.
Vishing (voice phishing)
A phone scam method in which fraudsters attempt to obtain personal information, usually by pretending to be employees of a financial company, government institution, or merchant.
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