Glossary
Investment Intermediary
A financial institution that provides investors with access to financial markets and services related to trading in securities, bonds, derivatives, and other financial instruments. An investment intermediary may offer advisory services, portfolio management, brokerage services, and other forms of professional support to investors.
Investment-linked Insurance (Unit-linked insurance)
An insurance policy in which the premiums paid are invested in financial markets with the aim of generating returns for the policyholder. The accumulated value and potential returns depend on the performance of the chosen investments and the level of investment risk taken. Investment-linked insurance policies can combine insurance protection with investment objectives and often offer various options for managing investments, including active or passive strategies.
Investment Portfolio
The collection of all investment assets held by an investor, including stocks, bonds, real estate, gold, commodities, currencies, and other financial instruments. The portfolio is managed with the goal of optimizing returns and controlling risk through diversification and strategic allocation of resources.
Investment property
Real estate acquired with the purpose of generating a return through an increase in its value and/or income from rents. This type of property is primarily held for investment purposes rather than for the owner’s personal use.
Investment Risk
The likelihood that the actual return on an investment will deviate from the expected return due to factors such as market fluctuations, changes in the economic environment, poor asset management, political instability, or unforeseen events. It includes both the possibility of lower-than-expected returns and the potential loss of the invested capital.
Investment Silver
Silver purchased primarily to preserve or increase the value of assets, protect against inflation and market fluctuations, and diversify investments. The main forms of investment silver are high-purity silver bars (usually over 99.9% purity) and silver coins with investment value. Unlike investment gold, investment silver is not exempt from VAT. Investments in silver can also be made through financial instruments linked to silver, such as shares of silver mining companies, futures, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, and derivatives.
Investment Strategy
A plan or approach for investing funds with the aim of achieving a specific financial goal, taking into account factors such as risk, time horizon, return, and liquidity. It determines where, how much, and in what to invest (e.g. stocks, bonds, real estate, and other assets). An investment strategy involves risk assessment and the investor’s level of participation (active or passive) taking into account the investor’s personal goals, financial situation, and risk tolerance. It can be short-term, medium-term, or long-term. Some examples of investment strategies include: conservative (low risk with stable returns – e.g., bonds, deposits); systematic (based on predefined rules, algorithms, or models); aggressive (higher risk with potential for high returns – e.g., stocks, cryptocurrencies); diversified (combines different assets to reduce risk); income-oriented (aims for regular income, such as dividends or rental income); growth-oriented (seeks long-term increase in the value of investments).
Investor
A natural or legal person who invests in a range of assets, such as stocks, bonds, real estate, startups, or other financial instruments, taking on a certain level of risk with the goal of generating income, capital gains, or other financial benefits. Investors make decisions based on risk assessment, expected returns, and their overall investment strategy.
Invoice
A commercial document issued by a seller to a buyer, indicating the buyer’s obligation to pay for goods or services, including quantity and agreed price. The invoice must include specific details as required by the Value Added Tax Act.
Job Description
An official document that describes the main duties, responsibilities, rights, and requirements for a particular position within an organization. It is prepared by the employer and is an integral part of the employment contract.
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